Authors: Jay L. Devore
ISBN-13: 978-1305251809
See our solution for Question 3E from Chapter 8 from Devore's Probability and Statistics for Engineering and Science.
Given that, the level of significance of test is 0.05 i.e. $\alpha = 0.05$. Based on given P-values, the decision is made on the null hypothesis. That is reject or not.
Decision criteria for p-value:
If ${\rm{P - value}} \le \alpha $, reject the null hypothesis.
If ${\rm{P - value > }}\alpha $, fail to reject the null hypothesis.
a.
The P-value is 0.001 and the level of significance is 0.05.
Conclusion:
Here, P-value $ = 0.001 < 0.05$.
That is, P-value is less than the level of significance.
Based on rejection rule, reject the null hypothesis.
For P-value=0.001, the null hypothesis is rejected.
Therefore, the given P-value the null hypothesis will be rejected.
b.
The P-value is 0.021 and the level of significance is 0.05.
Conclusion:
Here, P-value $ = 0.021 < 0.05$.
That is, P-value is less than the level of significance.
Based on rejection rule, reject the null hypothesis.
For P-value=0.021, the null hypothesis is rejected.
Therefore, the given P-value the null hypothesis will be rejected.
c.
The P-value is 0.078 and the level of significance is 0.05.
Conclusion:
Here, P-value $ = 0.078 > 0.05$.
That is, P-value is greater than the level of significance.
Based on rejection rule, fail to reject the null hypothesis.
For P-value=0.078, the null hypothesis is failed to reject.
Therefore, the given P-value fail to reject the null hypothesis.
d.
The P-value is 0.047 and the level of significance is 0.05.
Conclusion:
Here, P-value $ = 0.047 < 0.05$.
That is, P-value is less than the level of significance.
Based on rejection rule, reject the null hypothesis.
For P-value=0.047, the null hypothesis is rejected.
Therefore, the given P-value the null hypothesis will be rejected.
e.
The P-value is 0.148 and the level of significance is 0.05.
Conclusion:
Here, P-value $ = 0.148 > 0.05$.
That is, P-value is greater than the level of significance.
Based on rejection rule, fail to reject the null hypothesis.
For P-value=0.148, the null hypothesis is failed to reject.
Therefore, the given P-value fail to reject the null hypothesis.